Yes, a gate valve near the bottom of the return to the sump will allow you to adjust falling water so it backs up and the small bubbles have a better chance to rise back up the tube and not be pushed down into the sump.
In addition, you could place a floss bag over the end of the pipe which usually stops all bubbles. (until the bag is clogged with crud and overflows.)
Alternatively, place a 1-2' length of corrugated pipe (bilge pipe) after the second 45 before the first 90 and let it curl around in the sump area. The corrugation slows the flow and releases the bubbles in a less noisy fashion.
Alternatively, place a much larger sponge or more sponge at the bottom so that all the water has to flow through the sponge to get into the sump. This will slow the water, allowing bubbles to be released but it will also require periodic removal and cleaning of the sponge.
In my tank, I have Chaetomorpha algae as a living sponge at the end of bilge pipe, but you are not using this as an RDP so that option is out for you. (There is inexpensive white plastic bilge pipe at some hardware stores that slips snugly over 1" pvc)
Hope this gives you some ideas.
Edited by Mark Peterson